I’ve never heard talent as many would put described the way I just did. They would call the fastest, highest, and/or strongest subset of a group of athletes as the most talented.
That might be due to the context coaches usually find themselves in. Some are expected to show results in the short term, perhaps only within a time frame of a few years, thus it becomes pragmatic to define talent accordingly; i.e., if the goal is to win a championship the following year, they will opt for the athlete who’s more likely to achieve that goal within that time frame- and consequently sometimes motivate their decision in terms of talent (hence talent is defined accordingly). That doesn’t mean they are correct in their short-sighted definition; that’s just how they use the term, but which tend to re-define it as time goes by.
But that is of course not how talent would be defined if the time span would be much longer, and especially if they had more developmental information available about all the athletes. Thus in another context talent is defined more along the properties you already alluded to, and which is probably why I associate talent more along the lines of what you have brought forward (as many I know also do). Here we’re talking about a kind of hidden potential becoming visible when we’re broadening the landscape for our observations. It could remain hidden as long as we’re only making our conclusions from a fixed point in time with limited information (current results on paper). But when we look at the more qualitative aspects (how they move and react, their training history etc.), the potential becomes clearer, at least in the intuitive sense. Hence talent can be used to describe behavior rather than a fixed set of results.
From a pragmatic point of view, I would say we need both perspectives. The sad thing is that the easily quantifiable one appears to be overly dominating; maybe because it requires much more insight from the observer in order to look past the obvious, as well as resources (time) and lesser pressure to gain immediate success.