Just out of curiosity… Does pure anaerobic work increase your VO2 max?
Probably not at all right?
Yes. Although you must realize that there's practically nothing you could do that doesn't have some aerobic component….whether that be in the recovery between reps or because the energy system time guidelines are not clear cut barriers….they bleed in to one another.
There's quite a bit of research that suggests that weight training (largely an anaerobic activity) has great cardiovascular benefits. It's benefit on V02max isn't nearly as much as endurance-based activity but there is still a training effect. The same would hold true to a greater extent for short sprints. In fact, I would venture to guess that most elite sprinters have V02maxes in the mid 50s.