Influence of – alanine supplementation on skeletal muscle carnosine concentrations and high intensity cycling capacity. Hill, C. A.; Harris, R. C.; Kim, H. J.; Harris, B. D.; Sale, C.; Boobis, L. H.; Kim, C. K.; Wise, J. A. School of Sports, Exercise & Health Sciences, University of Chichester, Chichester, UK. Amino Acids (2007), 32(2), 225-233. Publisher: Springer Wien, CODEN: AACIE6 ISSN: 0939-4451. Journal written in English. CAN 146:337075 AN 2007:118274 CAPLUS
Abstract
Muscle carnosine synthesis is limited by the availability of -alanine. Thirteen male subjects were supplemented with -alanine (CarnoSyn) for 4 wks, 8 of these for 10 wks. A biopsy of the vastus lateralis was obtained from 6 of the 8 at 0, 4 and 10 wks. Subjects undertook a cycle capacity test to det. total work done (TWD) at 110% (CCT110%) of their max. power (Wmax). Twelve matched subjects received a placebo. Eleven of these completed the CCT110% at 0 and 4 wks, and 8, 10 wks. Muscle biopsies were obtained from 5 of the 8 and one addnl. subject. Muscle carnosine was significantly increased by +58.8% and +80.1% after 4 and 10 wks -alanine supplementation. Carnosine, initially 1.71 times higher in type IIa fibers, increased equally in both type I and IIa fibers. No increase was seen in control subjects. Taurine was unchanged by 10 wks of supplementation. 4 wks -alanine supplementation resulted in a significant increase in TWD (+13.0%); with a further +3.2% increase at 10 wks. TWD was unchanged at 4 and 10 wks in the control subjects. The increase in TWD with supplementation followed the increase in muscle carnosine.
Effects of 28 days of beta – alanine and creatine monohydrate supplementation on aerobic power, ventilatory and lactate thresholds, and time to exhaustion. Zoeller, R. F.; Stout, J. R.; O'Kroy, J. A.; Torok, D. J.; Mielke, M. Department of Exercise Science and Health Promotion, Florida Atlantic University, Davie, FL, Amino Acids (2007), 33(3), 505-510. Publisher: Springer Wien, CODEN: AACIE6 ISSN: 0939-4451. Journal written in English. AN 2007:982290 CAPLUS
Abstract
The effect of beta-alanine (-Ala) alone or in combination with creatine monohydrate (Cr) on aerobic exercise performance is unknown. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of 4 wk of -Ala and Cr supplementation on indexes of endurance performance. Fifty-five men (24.5 5.3 yrs) participated in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study and randomly assigned to one of 4 groups; placebo (PL, n = 13), creatine (Cr, n = 12), beta-alanine (-Ala, n = 14), or beta-alanine plus creatine (CrBA, n = 16). Prior to and following supplementation, participants performed a graded exercise test on a cycle ergometer to det. VO2peak, time to exhaustion (TTE), and power output, VO2, and percent VO2peak assocd. with VT and LT. No significant group effects were found. However, within groups, a significant time effect was obsd. for CrBa on 5 of the 8 parameters measured. These data suggest that CrBA may potentially enhance endurance performance.
Effects of – alanine supplementation on the onset of neuromuscular fatigue and ventilatory threshold in women. Stout, J. R.; Cramer, J. T.; Zoeller, R. F.; Torok, D.; Costa, P.; Hoffman, J. R.; Harris, R. C.; O'Kroy, J. Department of Health and Exercise Science, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA. Amino Acids (2007), 32(3), 381-386. Publisher: Springer Wien, CODEN: AACIE6 ISSN: 0939-4451. Journal written in English. CAN 147:71876 AN 2007:392499 CAPLUS
Abstract
This study examd. the effects of 28 days of -alanine supplementation on the phys. working capacity at fatigue threshold (PWCFT), ventilatory threshold (VT), maximal oxygen consumption (O2-MAX), and time-to-exhaustion (TTE) in women. Twenty-two women (age SD 27.4 6.1 yrs) participated and were randomly assigned to either the -alanine (CarnoSyn) or Placebo (PL) group. Before (pre) and after (post) the supplementation period, participants performed a continuous, incremental cycle ergometry test to exhaustion to det. the PWCFT, VT, O2-MAX, and TTE. There was a 13.9, 12.6 and 2.5% increase (p < 0.05) in VT, PWCFT, and TTE, resp., for the -alanine group, with no changes in the PL (p > 0.05). There were no changes for O2-MAX (p > 0.05) in either group. Results of this study indicate that -alanine supplementation delays the onset of neuromuscular fatigue (PWCFT) and the ventilatory threshold (VT) at submaximal workloads, and increase in TTE during maximal cycle ergometry performance. However, -alanine supplementation did not affect maximal aerobic power (O2-MAX). In conclusion, -alanine supplementation appears to improve submaximal cycle ergometry performance and TTE in young women, perhaps as a result of an increased buffering capacity due to elevated muscle carnosine concns.