Why measure fitness in a way that they don't experience in a race? Well then why ever measure Max VO2 on a treadmill since they don't race on treadmills? Sometimes it is good to do something different. When I use such a test I'm not only measuring aerobic power, but I'm measuring guts and fortitude because the tougher athletes will attack this workout.
Plus for the 10k runners it teaches them to try to run a pace they may or may not be able to hold for that entire time. They learn to take chances which ultimately prove to be beneficial when it comes time to make big jumps in performance. It's like the difference between working for 8 hours on an assembly line or being told that you'll get paid for your production. You tend to work faster and harder when you are being paid for production. It keeps the mind fresh and challenges the cardiovascular system in a way that can be tailored to every individual doing the work out.
Think outside the box and teach athletes to cover more distance in less or equal time and you will have opened the door to quantum leaps in performance. And isn't that what we are all after?